How to get categories in wordpress

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I want to get all categories in wordpress site but separately parent and child categories(in such way it’s easily for me to style). In the following code I get parent categories but all children categories are repeated for every parent.
Thanks! 

<?php
$args = array(
    'orderby' => 'name',
    'parent' => 0
);
$categories = get_categories( $args );
$categories_sub = get_categories();
foreach ( $categories as $category ) {
    echo '<ul class=" span-5 colborder list_main "> <a href="' . get_category_link(     $category->term_id ) . '">' . $category->name . '</a><br/>';
    foreach ( $cat->parent > 1 and $categories_sub as $cat) {
        $temp=$category->name + '/';
        if(get_category_parents($cat)==$temp) {
            echo '<a href="' . get_category_link( $cat->term_id ) . '">' . $cat->name . '</a><br/>';
        }
        $temp="";
    }
    echo '</ul>'; 
}
?>
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2 comments

  1. There are several ways to create HTML list of categories.

    wp_list_categories()

    Default CSS selectors

    Simplest way is to display a list of categories with wp_list_categories() and style the output with default CSS selectors:

    li.categories
li.cat-item
li.cat-item-7   
li.current-cat 
li.current-cat-parent 
ul.children

    The Walker_Category class

    The Walker class is for traversing the hierarchical data like menus or categories. It is an abstract class that has four abstract methods start_el(), end_el(), start_lvl(), end_lvl(). It is not required to override all abstract methods of the class, only those methods that are needed.

    $args = array( 'hide_empty' => false, 'walker' => new MyWalker(), 'title_li' => false );
wp_list_categories( $args );

class MyWalker extends Walker_Category {

    function start_el( &$output, $category, $depth = 0, $args = array(), $id = 0 ) {
        $output .= '<a href="' . get_category_link( $category->term_id ) . '" >' . $category->name . '</a><br/>';
    }

    function end_el( &$output, $page, $depth = 0, $args = array() ) {}

    function start_lvl( &$output, $depth = 0, $args = array() ) {
        $output .= '<ul class="span-5 colborder list_main">'.PHP_EOL;
    }  

    function end_lvl( &$output, $depth = 0, $args = array() ) {
        $output .= '</ul>'.PHP_EOL;
    }  
}

    Recursive Function

    Recursive Function is also a good way to traverse through categories. This way you have to manually get the categories on each node. Since the get_categories() function returns all the children categories in all subnodes, id of the current category must be passed on to be able to display only the current level categories.

    get_the_categories();

function get_the_categories( $parent = 0 ) 
{
    $categories = get_categories( "hide_empty=0&parent=$parent" );

    if ( $categories ) {
        echo '<ul class="span-5 colborder list_main">';
        foreach ( $categories as $cat ) {
            if ( $cat->category_parent == $parent ) {
                echo '<a href="' . get_category_link( $cat->term_id ) . '" >' . $cat->name . '</a><br/>';
                get_the_categories( $cat->term_id );
            }
        }
        echo '</ul>';
    }
}

  2. i had implemented this code a while ago but you can give it a try..

         // get_categories() function will return all the categories
            $upaae_categories = get_categories( array(
             'orderby' => 'name',
             'order' => 'ASC'
            ) );

            foreach( $upaae_categories as $single_cat ) {
             if($single_cat->parent < 1) // Display if parent category and exclude child categories
             {
        echo 'Parent: '.$single_cat->name;
        // now get all the child categories
        $child_categories=get_categories(
            array( 'parent' => $single_cat->term_id )
        );
        if(sizeof($child_categories)>0){ /* this is just for ensuring that this parent category do have child categories otherwise a category cannot be a parent if does not have any child categories*/
        echo '###childs###</br>'
        foreach ($child_categories as $child) {

            echo $child->name.'</br>';
        }// end of loop displaying child categories
        } //end of if parent have child categories

             }
            }